Brave New World Double Entry Journals Essay

It was because about 3 centuries ago all classes of people were conditioned to like nature and transportation but that meant on the weekend they were unproductive so now they are conditioned to like transportation and country sports, which means they still consume transportation. | Pg. 30 â€Å"Human beings used to be. † he hesitated; the blood rushed to his cheeks. â€Å"Well, they used to be viviparous. †| What does viviparous mean? The context of it in the book seems to be like a bad word would be today to say. After this line it says â€Å"Born†. Viviparous: (of an animal) Bringing forth live young that have developed inside the body of the parent. (Dictionary. com) I was right it meant to have kids, BNW people are so used to babies being hatched and don’t know what it’s like for someone to give birth. | Pg. 32 â€Å"Moral education, which ought never, in any circumstances, to be rational. †| The D. H. C. expresses the idea that moral education is accepted in the society. However, those morals are determined by ‘The World Controllers’. Reasoning, fate, or God do not play a role in moral education. Nothing is to ever be based on proper reasoning and especially emotion. | Pg. 34. â€Å"Till at last the child’s mind is these suggestions, and the sum of the suggestions is the child’s mind. And not the child’s mind only. The adult’s mind too all his life long. The mind that judges and desires and decides- made up of these suggestions. But all these suggestions are our suggestions! † The Director almost shouted in his triumph. â€Å"Suggestions from the State. †| Everything the people think or want to do is from the state. People can’t/aren’t allowed to think for their self’s. They are told what they do and don’t like. The Director seems very proud about how the state can decide on what the kids are to know/learn. If you think about it closely this is almost done in today’s society. Schools are all regulated per region in the world and things are chosen on what kids should learn, and what is morally right/wrong. | Pg. 35 â€Å"Nowadays the Controllers won’t approve of any new game unless it can be shown that it requires at least as much apparatus as the most complicated of existing games. †| Why would the controllers not allow a game that is simpler than any current games? All games must be more complex in how it works than current ones to be approved. Is this done to make people who invent things to think harder too make it more complex that in turn, the people are thinking harder and able to hopefully produce better things for the society? | Pg. 35 â€Å"Two children, a little boy of about seven and a little girl who might have been a year older, were playing, very gravely and with all the focused attention of scientists intent on a labor of discovery, a rudimentary sexual game. â€Å"Charming, charming! † the D. H. C. repeated sentimentally. | Is it just me or is it weird that the society pushes promiscuously on kids age 7 and 8. Also the director seems to enjoy watching the two kids erotic behavior. | Pg. 35 â€Å"This little boy seems rather reluctant to join in the ordinary erotic play. †¦.. â€Å"And so,† she went on, turning back to the Director, â€Å"I’m taking him in to see the Assistant Superintendent of Psychol ogy. Just to see if anything’s at all abnormal. †| Maybe there isn’t anything wrong with the boy, BNW society is basically forcing little kids to explore/have sex with each other. What can the superintendent of psychology tell you other than that the kid doesn’t ant too have sex. It is also creepy that they all look the exact same. | Pg. 39 â€Å"Our Ford’s: History is bunk. History,† he repeated slowly, â€Å"is bunk. †Ã¢â‚¬  | I know in real life Henry Ford said something along those lines; â€Å"†History is more or less bunk. It’s tradition. We don’t want tradition. We want to live in the present, and the only history that is worth a tinker’s damn is the history that we make today. † (Chicago Tribune, 1916). | Pg. 41 â€Å"I’ve been feeling rather out of sorts lately,† Fanny explained. â€Å"Dr. Wells advised me to have a Pregnancy Substitute. â€Å"But, my dear, you’re only nineteen. The first Pregnancy Substitute isn’t compulsory till twenty-one. †| Since no one in the society has children it seems as though once each female turns 21 they have a pregnancy substitute to mimic pregnancy. This is maybe done so no one has an odd urge to have a baby. | Pg. 42 â€Å"Again? † Fanny’s kind, rather moon-like face took on an incongruous expression of pained and disapproving astonishment. â€Å"Do you mean to tell me you’re still going out with Henry Foster? †| In the society it seems like a very big disapproval of people especially to date/marry. People are only supposed to go out together one night, have sex, and be done with each other that is why Fanny is questioning Lenina. | Pg. 45 â€Å"After all, every one belongs to every one else. †| This keeps coming up throughout the book that after all everyone (belongs/works) to/for everyone else. The society here shows that they believe everyone is equal. Why would they make differ class groups for the society? | Pg. 47 â€Å"They say somebody made a mistake when he was still in the bottle-thought he was a Gamma and put alcohol into his blood-surrogate. That’s why he’s so stunted. | So in the BNW society to stunt the growth and brainpower of select groups they put alcohol into the blood that is transferred over the embryo to stunt the growth. In today’s time research has been shown that if you drink alcohol when pregnant a baby can be born with birth defects or have a mentally disorder. | Pg. 48 â€Å"The Nine Years’ War began in A. F. 141. à ¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. â€Å"The Nine Years’ War, the great Economic Collapse. There was a choice between world Control and destruction. Between stability and . †| It can be inferred that the conflict broke out in Europe, affected most of the planet, and caused massive physical damage. It is repeatedly stated that chemical and biological weapons were used during the war, particularly in mass air-raids against cities. Following the war, the global economy collapsed and created an unprecedented worldwide economic crisis. The new world leaders tried to forcibly impose their new ideologies on Earth’s populations. This met with widespread resistance, including large-scale riots. Realizing that they could not force people to adopt the new lifestyle, the World Controllers instead united the planet into the One World State and began a peaceful campaign of change. This campaign included the closing of museums, the suppression of almost all literature published before 2058, and the destruction of the few historical world monuments that had survived the war. | Pg. 51 â€Å"Ending is better than mending† | There are many meanings to this statement. One could be the clear one that when you have an old pair of clothes to throw it out instead of trying to fix it. This helps the BNW economy by people always spending money to buy new clothes. A second point I took from this quote was with the ‘Nine Years War’ that it was better to end and restart how the world worked than trying to reorganize the planet and trying to pick up from where we were before the war. | Pg. 51 â€Å"The introduction of Our Ford’s first T-Model . †| At first I thought their god/creator was some guy named Ford but now I’m peaty sure Huxley implies that it is Henry Ford. I stated this because Ford’s first model of car he made was called the T-Model. (Wikipedia) | Pg. 64 â€Å"It’s not enough for the phrases to be good; what you make with them ought to be good too. | He is telling him that it doesn’t matter if the phrases are good it’s how you make them good. He is implying the idea of using your mind and not what is given to you. Future Rebel? | Pg. 67 â€Å"Fine to think we can go on being socially useful even after we’re dead. Making plants grow. †| Even after your dead th e society still uses you for it’s personal gain they take your body and it’s turned into fertilizer for crops to grow!!! | Pg. 75 â€Å"Orgy-porgy, Ford and fun,Kiss the girls and make them One. Boys at one with girls at peace;Orgy-porgy gives release. †| This is talking about and orgy. The last stanza of â€Å"orgy-porgy gives release† as the violent passion surrogate, the surrogate pregnancy and the soma, is a sign that the World State has not been able to completely annihilate from human nature. There is still some need for liberation, a need to experience strong emotions that have not been completely wiped out through conditioning. Solidarity Service is one of many mechanisms used to channel state of the excitement, so that they present no threat to state power. | Pg. 77 â€Å"Not more than half a dozen people in the whole Centre had ever been inside a Savage Reservation. As an Alpha-Plus psychologist, Bernard was one of the few men she knew entitled to a permit. For Lenina, the opportunity was unique. †| What is a savage reservation? Is it an area where they keep a group of normal people like you and me in today’s time? In case something goes wrong or for emergencies they can have back up DNA. | Pg. 78 â€Å"â€Å"In a crowd,† he grumbled. â€Å"As usual. † He remained obstinately gloomy the whole afternoon; wouldn’t talk to Lenina’s friends (of whom they met dozens in the ice-cream soma bar between the wrestling bouts)†| It seems like people in BNW like too be in crowds and together. But Bernard seems like the only person who doesn’t like to be with groups of people. Is this because of something going wrong when he was in a test tube? | Pg. 84 â€Å"Don’t imagine,† he said, â€Å"that I’d had any indecorous relation with the girl. Nothing emotional, nothing long-drawn. †| The director is thinking that Bernard is thinking the director had more than a sexual relationship with the women he brought to the reserve, which is against BNW rules in the society because after all everyone belongs to everyone. Pg. 88 â€Å"Five hundred and sixty thousand square kilometers, divided into four distinct Sub-Reservations, each surrounded by a high-tension wire fence. †| Why would the reservations have to be subdivided and need for instant death electric fences? Maybe each reserve has a different race and they want each race to be separate and to protect their own traditions and culture. It is maybe also for science to not be able to get i n to the people in the reserves. |

Our countries good

After feedback from our mock exam we identified how the whole piece lacked intensity but in other points had too much and became too loud without any real reason for it and at some points felt very scripted and UN-natural, this was having an Impact on the audiences experience and making it difficult to understand the story line as so much was going on.Since our mock we as a group, stripped back and taken a lot of the unnecessary content out of scene two and four as they were too long and came confusing and have been using Clack's card technique to Intensify the piece at points and make the piece calmer In other pieces to show the Intimacy and motherly bond formed between the two hostages In order to highlight our theme to show how the Imprisoned form trust groups and friendships to stay alive'.To reduce the risk of fire in the bungalow we are making sure that there is an adequate evacuation pathway: there will be no tripping hazards in the corridor to enable us to move our audience a nd performers around safely. There is a mirror fire risk from our candles but we will have two buckets of water to hand in case of problems.As performers working under stress we are in danger of straining muscles and vocal chords. We will use physical warm-ups to make sure our muscles are relaxed and diaphragmatic breathing to make sure we don't damage our vocal chords. During the lift we ensure that manual handling principles are followed by bending our knees and lowering centre of gravity.

The Chernobyl disaster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Chernobyl disaster - Essay Example There were economic, technological and political factors alongside the almost complete lack of effective health and safety measures were highly evident causes of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Indeed despite its then status as a military superpower in the mid 1980s the Soviet Union had serious problems that the Chernobyl nuclear disaster amply demonstrated. By the mid 1980s the Stalinist era economic planning and one party political systems of the Soviet Union were beginning to show their age and their propensity for economic failure, administrative inefficiency, and declining political legitimacy. More ominously the Soviet Union’s outdated industries were a danger both to its own people, other countries, as well as the environment. The strain of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and a renewed a nuclear arms race with the United States were not taken by the stagnant economy (White, 1990). The main economic and political institutions as well as it systems dated back to the infrastructure constructed by Stalin in the late1920s and the 1930s. The collectivisation of agriculture and industrialisation had been achieved at great human cost, with political obedience and loyalty to the Communists counting for more than efficiency or ability to do their jobs (James, 2003 p. 53). When such an approach was typical of the managers and the workers of nuclear power stations it was always a potential cause of accidents. The Soviet Union had suffered horrendous losses during the Second World War which were partially compensated by the gaining of satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as the desire to prevent itself being invaded ever again (James, 2003 p. 301). Yet the onset of the Cold War meant that the Soviet Union took undue risk in both its civil and its military nuclear programmes in order to generate electricity and make atomic weapons as quickly as possible. Undue risks that

Nurse Leader Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Nurse Leader Interview - Essay Example Being honest and fair to everyone, besides sharing information with everyone and operating an open door policy, should dominate the character traits of an effective leader. The leader should go deep to ensure that they have personal contact with their employees through either face-to-face meetings or phone calls to clarify issues or seek for suggestions. In case of a problem, the leader encourages everyone to listen and learn from one another in order to build cohesion and interactivity at the workplace. A good leader does not perceive one’s position as a status but, instead, a responsibility; the leader also understands that assigned authority means that the buck stops with them. For this reason, they bear the ultimate responsibility of making the final decision. Changes in Leadership Style Because of Evolving Leadership Role From my understanding, leadership is dynamic and nursing leaders find themselves adopting new leadership styles depending on situations. Long-term exper ience in leadership and circumstances opens nurse leaders to new leadership roles that make them adopt new styles of leadership. For instance, I have made tremendous changes in my leadership style over the recent years with a notable change being adoption of facilitative and transformational leadership traits. This change has been propagated by the new demands of the medical system, which requires nurse leaders to participate in strategic decision-making and facilitate growth and development in healthcare provision. There is no doubt that our healthcare system has been facing several challenges over a long period. However, there is a sigh of relief, as the system seems to be undoing a transformation process considering the newly enacted laws in the recent past that seek to fill in the existing gaps in the system. The Congress has been steadfast to address key concerns about the ever-escalating costs and variable quality that have dogged our system for a considerably long time. The P atient Protection and Affordable Care Act is one of such incredible roles played by the Congress to address major healthcare system challenges of the 21st century (Nordal, 2011). This law in real sense cannot just be seen as a big thing in the healthcare industry – it must be valued for being transformative. This law, among other things happening in the healthcare industry, both good and bad ones, is a clear manifestation that leadership in healthcare is not just about performing a job, but all about bringing difference. This means that nurse leadership will be about not only motivating, guiding and directing teams but also facilitating change and progress. The evolving role of healthcare leaders demands that they become part of the solution to the diverse challenges the healthcare system is facing nationally and at a professional level (Nordal, 2011). In other words, leaders should be adopting facilitative and transformational leadership traits as the healthcare industry is undergoing a transformation process characterized by standardized quality and increased access for all citizens. New recruits need to be integrated into the strategic objectives of the organization to ensure that they share the same vision with the existing veterans who already understand the facility’s strategic direction. Because I understood my new roles of leading my team into the vision of the medical system, I had to start by thinking about improvements and development as it is a great requirement for a transactional

Diversity Management in Hospitality Management Case Study

Diversity Management in Hospitality Management - Case Study Example Hilton has always taken care of this issue which plays an important role in the functioning of the whole company. Matters like productivity, quality, co ordination and unity need to be given high preference in big firms because the workforce is multinational, includes people of different religions and castes. Even gender discrimination must be eradicated to achieve optimum performance of the company. At Hilton, the steps taken to manage their diverse workforce are commendable. Keeping in mind the sentiments, practices and beliefs of their people, all their policies and plans are accepted by its employees. In all sectors of the group be it promotion of brands, relationship with other organizations, all are under the principles made by the company. Though, in some regions of the world, managing diversity is tough, still Hilton has worked hard to maintain its policies. In the following scripts we will be discussing how Hilton manages diversity management. As suggested by Hofstede, culture is more often a source of divergence than of synergy, and cultural disparities can be both nuisance and disaster simultaneously (Hofstede, 2001). Hilton has a massive workforce that includes minorities and women. The need of diversity management comes when discrimination occurs. Companies in order to maintain standards or to optimise their fund utilization and profits do not care to manage the problems which in turn would help them yield more profits. Many issues related to caste, religion, and sex hinders the growth of an organisation. People of different religions have grudges against each others. People of middle class category don't want to work with poor employees. Women are regarded useful only until they are single. Once they get married social and family matters surround them, like pregnancy, kids and further social life. Hilton has to overcome all these problems. Hospitality sector of the UK does face many such problems. Even though major officials of the sector have tried their level best to manage diversity, no significant results have come out. Plans and strategies were to be framed and implemented in order to provide job equality and opportunities, but the attempts have failed and a mere number of organisations have taken this issue seriously. The surveys that were carried out gave unsatisfactory results. Few companies were not bothered, few said that we would look upon it in the future, and only a few agreed to take reformative steps. The problem is that large hotel groups do not understand how harmful this discrimination is to their sector. People due to their cultural or background tags are not given the opportunities they deserve. This way, the persons' name and his monetary condition is given worth, not his skill. Their

Accomplishing Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Accomplishing Life - Essay Example Most of the time all we had was each other and that is why I surprised my family when I told them that I was going to join the army. My brothers and I did not have any money to go to college when we graduated, plus I didn’t want to go to college right away. I graduated in 2005 and a year later I joined the United States Army. At the time I didn’t feel like I had accomplished anything so far even though i did ok in school. I played sports and was part of school activities but still had certain goals I wanted to reach and I knew I had to start somewhere. I wanted to get away from home and see what was out in the real world for me. Army was the way to go, and then maybe I could start accomplishing my life goals. The journey for my army accomplishment started in June 2006 when i was sent off to Fort Jackson, SC for basic training. It was 9 weeks of physical and mental training and a lot of people telling you what to do all the time. There were four platoons that consisted of 50-60 people. The four platoons made one company. I was in fourth platoon, which was one of the greatest platoons you wanted to be in. I started meeting a lot of great people and did a lot of team building. We ran miles and miles; ruck marched through woods and sand, which was hard when you carried 30lbs on your back- holding a weapon. We learned about many different weapons and how to shoot them.

How do you measure political corruption, and what are the difficulties Assignment

How do you measure political corruption, and what are the difficulties involved - Assignment Example Another important form of this type of corruption is extortion. Here the political persons get involves in various criminal offences for acquiring property, money etc from an individual or institution through illegal means. Political corruption depends on the jurisdiction and country. The practice of political funding differs from places to places. In some places considered as legal and in some places are considered as illegal. In many places government officials have indefinite powers. There the distinction between illegal and legal power is difficult. Institutional corruption is also included in political corruption. The problem of corruption in institute which is associated with the economic support from the government officials who have different interest related with the institution. Political corruption has a negative effect on the good governance and democracy of the country. It reduces the accountability in legislature and election. Corruption in politics hampers the represen tation process in policy making. Political corruption also leads in the compromising the rule of laws. This type of corruption often occurs at the higher levels of the state which a strong impact on politics. Political corruption leads to the improper use and resources misallocation. It influences the political system and government institutions. As a result institutional decay is a common phenomenon in this type of corruption. It is a deviation from ethical code of conduct and written legal norms by the ruling political party. The ruler systematically abuses the rules and regulations of the state to fulfil their personal gains. It is also perceived as an ignorance of principles and rational legal values of the state. The legal base of many authoritarian countries is weak. This helps to grow political corruptions and subjects to the downfall of their political system. Moral, ethical and normative standard are the necessary benchmarks to differentiate legitimacy from legality in

ECON337 4 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ECON337 4 - Coursework Example These especially were; iron and steel, ships, chemicals and petroleum products. The growth of heavy manufacturing industries in Japan after World War II can mainly be to increased exports and wages of male workers(Paul & Hart., pp.110-111). The export of heavy-manufactured products increased as compared to the earlier over-reliance on domestic markets. The increased male wage and improved working conditions improved their purchasing power for the heavy manufactured goods like automobiles and advanced electronic products increasing the local market. In addition, the ability of Japan to keep real wage increases below productivity gains ensured that the heavy manufacturing industries would still make profits despite the increased labor costs. This gave Japan an added advantage over most of its international counterparts leading to rapid growth and export success (Paul & Hart, p.112). The industries scrapped off during this period were mainly the light manufacturing sector. These are the production of cotton textiles, synthetic textiles and labor-intensive electronic production- including radio, TV’s, and Tape recorders. The reason for scrapping off such industries was mainly the rising cost of labor in the country and external pressure from its bilateral (US &European governments) and multilateral trade partners (IMF, OECD & GATT).Unlike the heavy and chemical manufacturing industries that predominantly depended on male labor, the light manufacturing sector would accommodate both male and female employment. In this case, women, labor would be preferred since it would be cheap. Unfortunately, after WWII even women labor became expensive mostly due to the rapid growth of output as well as employment. As Japan increased its share of the worlds manufactured export market, other capitalists countries felt threatened and imposed import restrictions on Japan and demanded that it liberalizes its imports. This was mainly in

Cheap Food, Poverty and Obesity -- Is there a Correlation Essay

Cheap Food, Poverty and Obesity -- Is there a Correlation - Essay Example s levels is mostly consumed by deprived communities and individuals due to inability to access affordable healthy food, cheap junk food has high starch, calorie and fats contents which is taken to the blood streams and go directly to build adipose tissues in the body hence accumulation of facts which leads to obesity. Deprived people are known not to take concerns on exercises which help in burning down the calories in the body. Additionally, individuals in impoverished regions have poor access to fresh food like vegetables which have fiber which helps in digestion of fats hence its excretion from their bodies. Poor countries have the greatest sedentariness. Sedentary individuals move more two hours per day which is less than active individuals and hence expend less energy making them prone to obesity and chronic metabolic diseases. Consumption of semi processed or unprocessed food which is not fresh which carries a lot of calories that when taken builds up the fat content in the bod y which include sugars bread and other cheap milk products. When this research began, the question was whether or not, â€Å"a correlation existed between people, who ate at fast food restaurants, poverty, and obesity†. The development of the paper exposed many factors leading to obesity without fast food being the major contributor. There are a number of reasons why people are obese or heading for obesity. Environment or heredity can be contributors as well as the lack of physical activity, becoming sedentary, over use of technology; watching television, driving as opposed to walking, and failing to exercise. People have developed heart disease and may also develop diabetes, high blood pressure, and additional health problems when lifestyle changes occur and obesity sets in. In America’s cities, there is a fast food establishment on many corners. At a young age, children begin eating fast food because of the convenience, propaganda involved, and the cost. There are many people

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing Management - Essay Example Revenue generated by this company is divided at a 54% from sales of food and 46% general merchandise. However, some of the activities that generate income for the company range from purchases and delivery, which offers customers a good shopping experience. 1. A. Macro environmental factors PESTLE ANALYSIS Political Factors M&S has been subjected to tax policies, political and environmental laws are entailed in the UK, leading to substantial influence on with holding their products from the public. The company focuses on gaining and maintaining good attitude towards foreign companies, which is evident through their association with other companies. Moreover, they are always adhered to the laws on hiring and firing, hence there have been no cases of employee disputes in the company. Â  Therefore, they appreciate the fact that political factors are related to the extent of government intervention and economy. Â   Economic Factors The rate of unemployment has been falling at a fast rat e and the measure of Gross national product is rising at a modest rate in UK. The government has made the relevant effort to lower the interest rates in order to facilitate borrowing of by customers, hence increasing their purchasing power. Nevertheless, the inflation is being controlled by the government through the relevant fiscal policies aimed at regulating money supply into the UK economy. The economic factor has influenced the operations and decision-making process. There has been an increase in the operating cost due to many economic factors, whereby there was a rise in the consumer Price Index. Social Factors M&S products have a significant influence on lifestyles, whereby the consumers are consuming products, which is highly expensive. Therefore, prestigious products are contributing to increased living standards among the consumers. The company is also contributing generation of employment due to the advancement in technology that is increasing career expectations among th ose in the field of technology. The company is interested on consumer activism, since they focus on purchasing products that are environmentally friendly, though this is finite since the prices are playing a substantial role in decision of the consumer. There is a relation of the political and economic circumstances and this entails the cultural aspect and the rise in environmental consciousness, emphasis and attitudes on environmentally friendly. Technological Factors The company has invested on intensifying their Research and development in order to facilitate the advancement of technology for producing better products in the future. Moreover, the company is focusing on applying the new developments in technology in order to offer their products in a way that will enable them attain the required market share. Therefore, M&S has been utilizing technological advancement, whereby they have enabled their customers to access their catalogues online, and they are able to purchase produc ts in a timely manner. On the other hand, the company has integrated their operation with Business Intelligent BI systems to increased performance in the future (Mohd, Idris, & Momani, 2013, p.40-49). Environmental Factors The company operations are affected by the environmental factors like the growing awareness of the climatic change, which may reduce sales for some of their products. There are factors affecting consumers due to the increase in awareness of the environmental impacts on

To find out from a range Essay Example for Free

To find out from a range Essay To find out from a range of tablets which tablet is the best one to neutralise hydrochloric acid. Aim My aim is to determine which tablet is the best for stomach acid (neutralises the most hydrochloric acid). Scientific Background Acids and Alkalis Many of the substances that we use today are made up of either acids or alkalis. These are two chemical opposites. Most acids are liquids. They are very corrosive and can kill or burn skin cells, bacteria etc. Acids taste sharp and sour. Strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid etc release hydrogen quickly whilst weaker acids such as citric acid and carbonic acid release hydrogen slowly. Strong acids measure at 1 or 2 on the pH scale and weak acids measure at 5 or 6 (The pH is a number on a scale which shows how acidic or alkaline a substance is). Most pure alkalis are solid. Like acids they are also very corrosive. Most feel soapy but some can burn flesh. Strong acids measure 13 or 14 on the pH scale and weak acids measure 8 or 9. Alkalis neutralise acids. At this point their pH level becomes 7 and they are known as neutral.(acid + alkali ? neutral solution) (pH Scale) Hydrochloric acid/stomach acid When your stomach wall makes too much hydrochloric acid you end up with a stomach-ache. Normally you are given an alkaline tablet to neutralise the acid. Universal Indicator Universal indicator can be in the form of paper or liquid. It is used to show whether something is neutralised or whether it is an acid or alkali. E. g. if the indicator goes red it is acidic. Variables Independent variables are the ones that I cannot keep at a certain amount e. g. Hydrochloric acid. Dependent variables are the ones which I have to keep at a certain amount e. g. water. Prediction My prediction is that whichever tablet neutralises the most hydrochloric acid is the best. Method Firstly I will measure 30 ml of water in a measuring cylinder. Secondly I will put this water into a plastic beaker and dissolve a tablet into it. I will stir it with a stirring rod. After this I will add 7 drops of Universal indicator to the solution and stir it. I will put some Hydrochloric acid into a pipette and add it to the solution until it is neutral counting how many drops I add. Finally I will do this experiment twice for each tablet. Fair Test To make this test fair firstly I will make sure that I use the same amount of water and universal indicator. I will also dissolve the same amount of tablet each time. I will make sure that all the water used is all at the same temperature. Finally I shall do each experiment twice to ensure that I obtain accurate results. Equipment Measuring Cylinder, Water, Thermometer, Plastic Beaker, Stirring Rod, Pipette, Hydrochloric acid, Universal Indicator-Phenophatlein, Tablets Gaviscon, Settlers, Tums, Calcium Carbonate Apparatus Safety To make this experiment safe we should make sure we hold all chemicals and equipment with care as acids and alkalis, which are going to be used in this experiment, are corrosive. We should make sure all hair and scarves are tied properly so they do not get in the way. We should also wear goggles to protect our eyes. Preliminary Work First I measured and poured 25ml of sodium oxide into a plastic beaker. Then I added 7 drops of indicator until the solution turned pink. Then I measured 25ml of Hydrochloric acid and started adding this to the solution until it turned clear. This showed that the solution is neutral. Obtaining Results. Table of Results   Coloured / Flavoured Tablet C. O. S. = Colour of Solution Analysis Graph of Results The above graph shows the average amount of drops of Hydrochloric acid added to neutralise a tablet. Conclusions After having analysed my results I have come to realise that Gaviscon is the best tablet to neutralise Hydrochloric acid. (? Gaviscon + acid ? neutral) I had predicted that whichever tablet neutralises the most hydrochloric acid is the best. I did not specify a certain tablet. This ties in with my prediction as it does neutralise the most. Tums was the next best then Settlers and finally Calcium Carbonate. There are no anomalies in my work. Evaluation Accuracy and Reliability I feel that I could have made my results more accurate by doing the experiment another time as I could have miscounted the drops. I think the reliability of my results is fair but improvements could have been made to make it a 100 per cent accurate. Improvements Paying more attention to the different colours on the pH scale so that the overall pH number written could have been more accurate would have made improvements to the investigation. Extending the Investigation I could extend the investigation by using different types of water e. g. hot and cold. I could also hav.

Some People Prefer Get Up Early Essay Example for Free

Some People Prefer Get Up Early Essay I prefer get up early Some people prefer to get up early in the morning and start the days work. Others prefer to get up later in the day and work until late at night. Which do you prefer? in my view, some people want to get up early in the morning and start the days work in the hotel and some get up later in the day and start to work late at night in the night market. I prefer the first choice due to my status as a student. My cousin Pretty is a receptionist on day shift in the Diamond Hotel. To illustrate, she has to wake herself up at 4 am to cook food for breakfast because she must be at work at 7 am. Moreover, she does not have much time to watch TV or listen to the radio. She decides to share time between bathing and eating for breakfast make-up which is important for people working as receptionists in the hotel. Doing this job has an effect on her sleeping habit. She spends only five hours getting some sleep which normally takes eight hour on average. My aunt, Ann, is a street vendor who sells many things ranging from beef, pork and vegetables. To be specific, she wakes up at 2 pm to prepare goods ready before the beginning of the night market around 8 pm. Her son helps carry goods and put up a selling stall. After midnight, she and her son have to clear away the selling stall for tomorrow. This work causes her to have no time to raise and talk to her son. I study in a school because I have to take care of my dog. In this case, I have much time after work to care for her. I always take her to a park and have a walk and have dinner almost every day. The reason I can do these things is that I have the days school; therefore, I have a good opportunity to play with my dog . Getting up in the morning or later at night is a choice depending on different circumstances. The job is one of the most important indicators influencing your getting up early or late every day. For me, it affects my decision on bringing up my lovely dog.

The interpretation of images

The interpretation of images Does the person (or people) who produce a work (image, film, artwork etc.) ultimately control its meaning and interpretation? The relationship between a person and/or people controlling a piece of work, and thus its meaning, are closely inter-related. Photographers, for example, hold multiple theories. One photographer may concur with the notion of inter-relation, whilst another may hold an idea contradictory – theories that support a negative interpretation of, in this case, an image. Throughout this essay I will be looking into different photographers views on meanings of a piece of work and authorship. I will be doing this by comparing the photographers’ views, concluding the questions answer s and then explaining my opinion and summarising the essay. I believe most photographers agree that they have full control of the meaning or interpretation of an image, when we look at an image and read then read the concept behind it we are led to believe that, that is the intended meaning of that piece of work. However, sometimes when we are looking into contradicting and deceiving images that is when the public eye notice that the concept may not be what the photographer intended to show through his photographs. It is common practice for photographers to use various methods to analyse the meaning and interpretation of an image. They have a choice as to the method employed, which can give results ranging from the qualitative, to the quantitative. Kevin Carter’s Pulitzer Prize, given for an award-winning image of a malnourished Sudanese child, is one particular example of how the intended meaning of an image can actually be interpreted. The image signified no celebration – a child barely surviving, and a vulture eager for carrion. However, this image which epitomised Sudan’s famine would go on to win Kevin Carter fame, from previous hopes of a career built on hounding the news, free-lancing in war-ravaged countries, and waiting anxiously for assignments amid dire finances; he would stay in the line of fire for that one great image. The photograph was sold to ‘The New York Times’ where it appeared on 26 March 1993, as a ‘metaphor for Africa’s despair’. Overnight, hundreds contacted the newspaper to ask if the child has survived. As a result, the newspaper ran an unusual special editors’ note explaining to the public that the girl did have enough strength to get away from the vulture, but that her ultimate fate was unknown. Journalists within Sudan were requested not to touch victims of famine due to the risk of disease transmission. Despite this, Carter came under aggressive criticism for not helping the girl. The‘St. Petersburg Times’in Florida wrote â€Å"The man adjusting his lens to take just the right frame of her suffering might just as well be a predator, another vulture on the scene.’’[1] The approach that public opinion doomed on Carter was not only that of taking the image instead of immediately chasing the vulture away, but also the element that he did not help the small girl afterwards who clearly needed help. Then again, as Carter explained later that he left her in such a weak condition to continue the march by herself towards the feeding centre. Kevin Carter committed suicide two years after receiving the Pulitzer Prize. We are led to believe that Kevin Carter’s suicide note is as followed: â€Å"Im really, really sorry. The pain of life overrides the joy to the point that joy does not exist depressed without phone money for rent money for child support money for debts money!!! I am haunted by the vivid memories of killings and corpses and anger and pain of starving or wounded children, of trigger-happy madmen, often police, of killer executioners I have gone to joinKenif I am that lucky.†[6] Joanne Cauciella Bonica, Massapequa, New York expressed her feelings to the world by saying â€Å"It is ironic that Kevin Carter won the Pulitzer for a photograph which to me is a photograph of his own soul and exemplifies his own life. Kevin is that small child huddled up against the world, and the vulture is what we could call ‘the angel of death’. I just wish someone would have chased that evil from his life. Im sure that little child surrendered to death just as Kevin did. Both must have suffered significantly.†[7] This is a prime example of whether the photographer, the producer of the image, has ultimate control over the meaning and interpretation of their work. An analysis into Kevin Carter’s ‘vulture stalking a child’ image reveals that his intentions were only to show a bird spreading its wings. On the contrary, the result was much more haunting – on the most basic level, it is interpreted as an image of a predator and its prey, by the viewers. Following such observations and information requests to The New York Times, the viewers altered the meaning of the image, from one that should have shown a vulture spreading its wings, to one which displays a cruel, heart-breaking, and cultural issues image. â€Å"He heard a soft, high-pitched sobbing and saw a tiny girl trying to make her way to the feeding centre. As he crouched to photograph her, a vulture landed in sight. Trying careful not to disturb the bird, he positioned himself for the best possible image. He later then said he waited patiently for about 20 minutes, hoping the vulture would spread its wings. However it did not, and after he took his photographs, he claimed to chase the bird away, yet still watched as the little girl continued her struggle to the feeding centre.†[2] Therefore, when we look back at the question, does the person (or people) who produce a work (image, film, artwork etc.) ultimately control its meaning and interpretation? We can look at this question in many different ways when we begin to deconstruct the image bit by bit, so we can observe many different individual parts of this image to interpret. When we look at this image whole, what we are pushed to believe that the image is representing a malnourished Sudanese child that is crying for help, you could say the image is showing awareness of what is happening in different areas of the world. However, if we were to deconstruct this image, the concept of the photograph is completely changed to a wild animal looking for its pray to pounce on. Which then relates to wildlife/documentary photography. Then again, if we were to deconstruct the image the other way around we would see a raising awareness image of the people of Sudan needing help, instead of the journalist photography that Kevin Carter is so highly known for. ‘’The rule of thirds is applied by aligning a subject with the guidelines and their intersection points, placing the horizon on the top or bottom line, or allowing linear features in the image to flow from section to section.’’[3] When looking into the rules of thirds we frame the photograph and imagine it divided into 9 individual parts of the image, as a photographer when using the rule of thirds properly we try to position the main parts of the photograph near the lines and intersections of the grid. Therefore, when we look at Kevin Carters image using this method, we see that the vulture and child meet the criteria of the rule of thirds rules, the main aspects of the image line up with the main centre lines of the grid. This could be known as a perfect picture, if you will. However, we are told that Carter’s intentions of this image was to take a picture of the bird ‘spreading its wings’ and flying away. Carter must have been set up in a position where if he did take the image it would be seen as a perfect image, then again because this was the image he produced instead, this one turned out to be ‘The perfect image in photography rules.’ Stephen Bull Discourses are infamously tricky to evaluate. Ever since the 1970’s this idea of disclosure has perfected, absorbed and if you will replaced the theory of ideology. Its use in the analysis of photographs, ideology generally devises from the writings of the French philosopher Michel Foucault. However in summary of Foucault’s work the definition of disclosure is known as ‘a groups statements which structure the way a thing is thought, and the way we act on the basis of that thinking,’[4]. All of the elements around a certain photographs or photographic practice’ are its wide-ranging perspective that is produced and then how it is thought about. Therefore to illustrate this idea, it is useful to scrutinise thoroughly many different theories such as Martin Parr’s conservative ‘Midsummer Madness’ party has been expressed through a number of discourses, the originally meaning has been re-interpreted, sometimes subtly, other times significantly in its process. The cost of Living conservative Midsummer Madness is part of the documentary discourse – where ‘things as they are’ are shown. Many writers such as John Tagg would have been more likely to argue that the arranging of the photographs in this particular imagery is within the disclosure of documentary, which produces the idea that they portray the reality of the middle class consumerism in the 1980’s in Britain. Then again Parr’s work is involved in a development of the discourse documentary where the photographer allows more of a personal, independent viewpoint throughout their image of choice. (Bull, 2010). Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright Many images produce meanings, however meanings of a piece of work do not are not, strictly speaking, fully interpreted in the work itself, this is where the producer of the piece of work has placed its individual elements for the viewer to uncover them. The meanings and interpretations of work are based besides the image itself and the producer of the image. Then again, images have what we call the ‘dominant’ better known as a shared meaning. The image can also be interpreted and seen in many ways that do not adapt to its originally meaning. However, it is important to realise that not all work of arts and media productions do not speak to all viewers the same, rather, a piece of art speaks to specific viewers who are drawn into the image when being viewed. For example, style, content, the world it builds and the issues it raises. When a viewer is interested in a photograph they say the image speaks to them, perhaps because they can relate to it or know of someone who they can relate it to. ‘Just as viewers create meaning from images, images also construct audiences.’[5] Normally most images we view have some sort of concept behind them that their producers have tried to show throughout the image this could be a small or large aspect of the image. For example, advertisers look into audience research to ensure that the product they are advertising to sell is directly focused at the right age group or gender for the best selling point. Artists, graphic designers, filmmakers and many other people in this industry use images that the viewer will read interpret to their satisfaction. (Sturken, Cartwright, 2001). To conclude, does the person (or people) who produce a work (image, film, artwork etc.) ultimately control its meaning and interpretation? After looking into different online and library book resources such as ‘Stephen Bull PHOTOGRAPHY’ who expresses how an individual photograph is thought about and portrayed, I have found that all the recourses I have read through have one thing in common, the theory of a viewer creates meaning from images and the image creates the audience. Even though I have mentioned throughout my essay that the producer of the work attempts to show the meaning he intends to give throughout his/her image/images the main aspect in my opinion is the viewer and their opinion of the image and how they are drawn into it, how they interpret the image and relate to it. I believe from the research I have found that the person/people who produce the work do not have full control of the image. The producer attempts to show meaning throughout the image/images, process but how it is seen is the main element of this question. In summary, if the producer had full control there would be no need to have a research team in all advertisement of artist, graphic design and photography industries. The producer would not need to look into his target audience or age category, he/she would just take the picture and broadcast it. However this is something that is vital throughout the photographic industry. We direct our work to a specific audience to what the images concept illustrates. Therefore, â€Å"the audience will change the images interpretation†[8]. Bibliography Kevin Carter. (2011). Manic Street Preachers. Available: http://www.learningfromlyrics.org/KevinCarter.html. Last accessed 09/03/2015. Kevin Carter. (2011). Manic Street Preachers. Everything must go. 7 (4), 34. Pete Williams. (1999). Rule of Thirds. Available: http://www.photographymad.com/pages/view/rule-of-thirds. Last accessed 11/03/2015. Stephen Bull (2010). PHOTOGRAPHY. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. 43. Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright. (2001). Viewers Make Meaning. In: Practices of looking. United States, New York: Oxford University Press. 45. Macleod Scott. (12 December 1994). The life and death of Kevin Carter. Available: http://content.time.com/time. Last accessed 20/03/2015. Joanne Cauciella Bonica. (10th august 2005). The ultimate in the unfair. Available: http://flatrock.org.nz/. Last accessed 20/03/2015. Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright. (2001).Practices of looking. New York: Oxford University Press. 45.

Essay About Family: A Portrait of a Sister :: Personal Narrative essay about my family

A Portrait of a Sister Sitting at my desk, trying to organize all my server sales reports from work, photo-copied papers, coupons, gift-certificates and important receipts, I start laughing to myself at how much I am like my sister. The sound of her soft voice echoes through my mind, â€Å" Lee, photo-copy all these documents, and don’t forget to keep your receipts.† That is my sister’s fetish; anything important must be photocopied, unless a sin. It’s those little things she says and does that I have always teased her about that I find myself doing now. I glance up looking on my desk for the FAFSA document, and the picture of my sister and me driving the cardboard school bus catches my eye. January 1988 Sitting in my living room, my grandma and mom were taking down the Christmas decorations, and putting them in cardboard boxes. My sister always had my grandma’s creativity, which they both passed on to me. My sister turned to me and said, â€Å" I have a fun project for us, Lee.† Rolling my eyes and looking back over my shoulder, to my sister, I said, â€Å"Oh, no way. Last time you had a fun project I ended up having my hands tied behind my back.† She informed me that it would be really fun, she swore. The whole week we secretly stashed cardboard boxes in the closet in our room, and then we cut out all different shapes. The shapes together were going to make up a school bus. Since my mom is a schoolteacher we stole her paint, and later that week we painted the cardboard yellow. Two weeks later, we presented our project to my mom and grandma at dinner. We were so proud of ourselves. Looking back now, I remember that the school bus was our favorite toy for that week. I also remember that the following week my sister had a new â€Å"project†. May 1996 My first week of JV Kickline tryouts. I come home and say, â€Å"We have a mission on our hands.† I tell her it is now time to make me the next member of the Bethpage JV Kickline team. During that whole week of tryouts, I am practically in house arrest. I think this is when my sister really teaches me that no one is perfect and she shows me how to use my strongest strength.

Women Buying Cars Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Women Buying Cars      Ã‚  Ã‚   Last spring while trying to buy my first car, I experienced frustration in gaining acknowledgment from salesmen as well as their respect at several different dealerships.   I discovered it was my attitude and approach to the salesmen that would make the difference in the treatment I received from the them in buying a car myself.   I discovered, by informing the salesman from the beginning that I was serious and financially capable of buying a car, I was able to get a salesman to take time in helping me, a high school female, make a car purchase.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Through my experience, I discovered women are at fault for the treatment received from car salesmen while making an effort to buy a car.   The idea that women are insufficient when it comes to buying cars results from the timid approach women take when doing so.   There is no difference in the capabilities women and men have in buying cars.   The difference lies in the approach women take when deciding to purchase a vehicle of their choice.   How can women be treated as equals to the male population when it comes to buying cars?   It all lays in the attitude women take towards the car salesmen.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The stories seem to always be the same when a woman walks onto the parking lot of a car dealership looking for a car.   She walks around the car lot and is approached by a salesman within five minutes.   He asks how she's doing and says, "Well, let me know if there's anything I can help you with." He then hands her a business card and walks away.   If a woman takes a casual approach to walking around the lot viewing the different models, and is too afraid of showing interest in purchasing, of course a salesm... ...a successful purchase.    Works Cited Ayres, Ian and Peter Siegelman. "Race and Gender Discrimination in Bargaining for a New Car." American Economic Review 85.3 (June 1995): 304-22. Howard, Margo. "Don't Get Taken for a Ride." New Choices: Living Even Better After 50 36.3   (April 1996): 58-61. Moyes, Jojo. "Car sexism drives me crazy." World Press Review 43.6 (June 1996): 48-49. Myers, Gerry. "Reaching the Women's Market." Working Woman 22.9 (Sept. 1997): 33-36. Sherman-Chatzky, Jean. "Protest With Your Feet." Money 28.2 (Feb. 1999): 190-91. Tillson, Tamsen. "A women scorned." Canadian Business 69.2 (Feb. 1996): 97-98. Whittelsey, Frances Cerra. "How women can stop paying more than men for the same things."   Money 25.6 (June 1996): 47- 46.

Stamp Act :: American History, Tax

The Stamp Act was passed by the British Parliament on March 22, 1765. The new tax was imposed on All-American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used. Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and even playing cards were taxed. The money collected by the Stamp Act was to be used to help pay the costs of defending and protecting the American frontier near the Appalachian Mountains (10,000 troops were to be stationed on the American frontier for this purpose).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The actual cost of the Stamp Act was relatively small. What made the law so offensive to the colonists was not so much its immediate cost but the standard it seemed to set. In the past, taxes and duties on colonial trade had always been viewed as measures to regulate commerce, not to raise money. The Stamp Act, however, was viewed as a direct attempt by England to raise money in the colonies without the approval of the colonial legislatures. If this new tax were allowed to pass without resistance, the colonists reasoned, the door would be open for far more troublesome taxation in the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Few colonists believed that they could do anything more than grumble and buy the stamps until the Virginia House of Burgesses adopted Patrick Henry's Stamp Act resolves. These resolves declared that Americans possessed the same rights as the English, especially the right to be taxed only by their own representatives; that Virginians should pay no taxes except those voted by the Virginia House of Burgesses; and that anyone supporting the right of Parliament to tax Virginians should be considered an enemy of the colony.

Western Civilization Role in the World Major Conflicts

World has experienced several conflicts, of all the major conflicts none had changed the world more than the world wars and the cold war. Western civilization played a great role as far as these three conflicts in the twentieth century were concerned. These wars were mainly fought in Europe and Asia. The century experienced some of the worst conflicts in the history of mankind some of which changed the face of the world for a long time. The world powers fought each others in a battle of supremacy. Different powers stood for different ideologies where each wanted to override the other as far as world power was concerned. The period preceding the first world was characterized by major changes that took place in Europe. These changes affected all the aspects of life, economically, scientifically, socially among other areas. An industrial revolution had just been witnessed in Europe and was spreading to the other parts of the world. Many western nations had been involved in the manufacture of sophisticated weapons in an attempt to protect themselves from their enemies. The First World War was by itself a show of might as far arms were concerned. The great nations took this chance to show of their technological development as well their military strength. It was during this war that Germany put to test some of the weapons that had been developed by its able military weapon technicians such as machine guns and deadly gases. On the other hand the British for the first time used tanks in the warfare. Both countries for the first time in the history of the warfare introduced new aircrafts to test their ability to be used in a major war. Politically alliances were being made by different Europeans power to safeguard their interests. One of the major alliances involved the Germans and the Austrians where they signed treaties creating the dual Alliance. This was to sideline Russia one of the western nations that was seen as a threat to advancement of Germany and its expansionist ambitions. This alliance later came to incorporate the Italians who were major asset to the Germans as they fought alongside in group that came to be known as the Triple Alliance. (Stefan, B 2006) The conflicts of the twentieth century especially the two world wars were mainly as a result of the ambitious plans by the German nation to expand its horizons occupying other nations and dominating them. They were aiming at imposing their rule on them and forcing these nations to adopt their ways. Russia was also interested in some parts of the continent, Austrian Hungary was busy trying to extend it power and in the process they were hiving parts of the Ottoman Empire something that did not go unchallenged. Each nation was busy trying to proof themselves to the rest; they were interested in dominating the continent. This competition was also extended to the other parts of the world especially regions where the European powers were interested in establishment of colonies. They could not agree on who should take which region. They were aiming at extending their power to these regions and at the same time introduce western civilization to areas that they considered backward. Western civilization factor did not stop at the end of the First World War, this concept continued to grow and shaping the face of the world. After the Great War nation did not stop at this point, they continued to fight for supremacy where other European nations were determined to punish Germany and her allies for the role they played in the great world war. The war had left one of the great civilizations in Europe heavily bruised such that one would have written it off. The nation was determined in its recovery program, they did everything possible to rise up and emerge as one of the most dominant power in Europe. (Stefan, B 2006) Adolf Hitler aim to make Germany the most powerful nation in Europe could have ignited another war that spread to other parts of the world and had very devastating effects than the Great War. Just like the first world nations were aiming at outdoing each other in terms of military power, economic and technological advancement. Again in the world history western civilization had led to another competition between different powers something which eventually led to a full scale war that touched every part of the world. The passive nature of the western powers at around this period allowed Germany to break most of the treaties that had been made to prevent another war. Britain was having problems at home such that whatever Hitler was doing as far as preparation for the war was concerned was not such a bother. Hitler continued to arm himself in preparing to expand his horizons making his country a powerful nation in Europe once more. He was determined to get this at all cost. Even with the end of the Second World War western civilization still strong, it was taking a new shape with the entrance of United States in the arena. A new form of conflict was emerging where two opposing ideologies were out to clash. On one side we had the communism which was threatening to dominate the world and on the other side we had the capitalism which was being propagated as part of the western culture. Soviet Union and other communist powers in the world were up against the capitalistic powers which were led by United States to a kind of welfare that has been described as cold war. This war lasted for a long period as compared to the other wars as it lasted up to the eighties when the communist powers collapsed. Germany just like in the previous wars was actively involved in this quiet warfare but in this time as a divided nation. One side of this nation, the western was inclined towards the capitalism world where the eastern part of Germany was controlled by the communist powers. (Bartlett, C (1977) The attempt to spread western civilization to the other regions and the competition that existed among the European powers led to the conflicts that had very devastating effects in the face of the world. Some of which changed the course of history and brought a new dispensation that have dominated the power circles in the world. These three conflicts brought both positive and negative effects to United States and the world at large. It is as a result of these wars that America emerged as one of the powerful nations on earth. Its might came to be recognized at the end of the world war when its intervention brought the conflict that had left Europe weary. (Bartlett, C 1977). One of the common effects of the three conflicts is the loss of lives and destruction of property. The great world war had millions of people from across the board losing their lives. This is not a small number given the world population at that time. Those who lost their lives included soldiers who were in the battlefields and civilians who were either involved in the war. Other people were killed by factors directly related to the war such as starvation and diseases which were as direct result of the war. Looking at the Second World War lives were lost too but in this case in great magnitude than in the First World War due to the level of technological advancement as far as weapons are concerned. The weapons used at this particular war were much destructive compared to those used in the previous war. This meant heavy casualties on both soldiers and civilians. It is estimated that close to fifty million people may have died in this war. This figure includes the casualties suffered after Japan was bombed by the United States using atomic bombs. Psychologically the effects of the world wars were similar to those of revolution in America. There was a growing sense of distrust towards political class and government officials among the people who witnessed the horror and destruction that accompanied the wars. Many people were not happy that the peacemakers had not expressed their sentiments to the fullest wondering why the war was allowed in the first place. To them it could have been avoided by all means. A feeling of disillusionment was felt across the globe as people came into conclusion that their governments were not interested in serving them rather they were only after glory that comes with winning of a war. The loss of loved ones was disturbing to many families which were affected . The future of the families whose members were killed in the wars was not bright; they just accepted the reality grimly optimistic that their dreams will last. (Stewart, R 2003) Technology advancement was registered after the war especially on the military hardware. With the end of the First World War countries that participated engaged in military advancement each outdoing the other as far as manufacturing of the weapons was concerned. This also included technological advancement in other areas which did not involve weapons. For example production of automobiles, aircrafts, radios and other products was boosted. The advantage of mass production and use of machine in production stimulated the economies making them grow at a tremendous rate. After the end of the Second World War two super powers emerged, one would have expected that the two nations would work together to foster world peace but the two nations became hostile to each other. Each one of them started building up huge arsenals and strong ballistic missles. The two super powers were suspicious of each other. They were competing with each other as far as world power was concerned. This situation prevailed for so long such that there was a fear of a third world war erupting. This war had some effects on both countries and the world at large. One of the major effect was the collapse of Soviet Union something that marked the end of an ideology that was being spread by this mighty nation. With the collapse of Soviet Union other communist nations were not very strong to advance its course therefore the system came to an end with the death of the union. (Powaski, R 1998) Germany as a nation was once again united, ending a hostile period that characterized a former European power. Other Baltic states that were part of the Soviet Union achieved their independence and became autonomous nations. With the collapse of communism and Soviet Union America was left as the only super power in the world. This meant that the competition that ensued between the two nations in the dominance of the world was no more. This gave America chance to concentrate on other issues of importance since the threat of invasion by Soviet Union was no more. Western civilization can largely be blamed for all the major conflicts that have happened in the world. Forcing their ideals on other coupled with the competition for power among the nations has resulted to the first two major conflicts. The third conflict was mainly suspicion between east and west. The two sides could not trust each other; they were trying to spread ideologies across the world with each trying to out do the other. The two super powers were just advancing the concepts of the western civilization in different ways.

Online Courses: the Pros and Cons

Online Courses The Pros and Cons By Melody More and much(prenominal) school-age childs be taking online classes. They be publicize on the radio, television, and billboards, promising convenience and opportunities. blush tralatitious universities are now go online classes in conjunction with their normal brick and mortor classes. In actuality, online classes only appear to be easier and more convenient. Online word form are more ambitious and cartridge holder- down than traditional classroom courses although they be extradite afforded umpteen bright and industrious students uncommon opportunities to except their statement.The stigma behind online classes has lead them to be less respected than traditional classes. In an effort to increase enrollment, many universities advertise that they bye online courses in which a student rear end quickly and conveniently earn their degree. This has two authorizationly negative consequences. First, employers who have never exp erienced a classroom setting in an online environs assume that these degrees are non as reputable as those from schools that exclusively offer traditional courses. Secondly, students enroll in these online courses with the imitation belief that they are going to be quick and easy.Unfortunately, this could non be go on from the truth. Online classes are more time consuming than in-classroom courses. In almost all(a) courses, conflict makes up a portion of everyones grade. Most professors count society points as 10% of a students total grade. This 10% canful tardily be obtained in a classroom environment where a student can speak to peers and professor about a particular topic. However, online courses use a treatment board for communication, where the students and professor post responses to a discussion.The continuous posting by the students and professor makes spelling, grammar, and punctuation an unprecedented factor in a students appointment points. Although online prof essors typically overlook spelling and grammatic errors when responding to students posts, they are liable to take apart points. Most of the time they deduct participation points if the grammar and spelling is so bad that they can non earn the point the student is attempting to make. Students whom normally dispute with spelling and grammar are forced to rectify their indite skills.In turn, the necessity of grammar, spelling, and punctuation benefits a students overall education experience. Moreover, the increased writing in a classroom environment can be a double-edged sword. The replacement of writing rather than speaking in a classroom can yield a negative effect on a persons life. Online environments inadvertently bring forward social isolation. A student who whitethorn have had social challenges or perplexity about speaking in bet of a group of people in the past can easily brood isolating themselves from others rather than facing their fears.When the student graduates, finding employment can be increasingly difficult without these necessary social skills. The socially awkward alumnus of a particular university negatively represents their university and discredits other alumni that could be applying for the same position. Despite this potentially dim effect, there are opportunities online courses have presented to so many people most the world. Online courses dedicate doors to people who would otherwise have to bestow up on their dreams of higher education.An typesetters case is a single mother who just now survives by working two jobs to reserve for her children. She does not have the money to bring a babysitter while she attends wickedness classes. However, with online classes, she can work on a college degree while her young children sleep. Online classes are more convenient for the worker that full treatment until 300 am and has little time before and after work to study. Driven, disciplined, non-traditional students can derive great benefit from the energy to attend class when they can, wherever they have internet access.Furthermore, potential students should not toss away the idea of online classes if it can help them further their education. Students who may be considering online classes should think cautiously about what it is they need from a course. If they necessity to speak to a professor forthwith to get their questions answered, have the availability at the same time distributively workweek to attend a course, and prefer not to perform additional writing assignments each week, then an online course may not be for them.On the other hand, if a potential student works for a accompany that is not willing to work around a school schedule, childcare is not available, or they simply do not want to drive to class in the evening, an online course may be the staring(a) solution. There are many pros and cons that are part of the closing-making process on whether or not to take an online course. Taking a n online course should not be a decision that a student jumps into without carefully considering all the factors involved.

Social Class and Inequality

Social Class and Inequality Social inequality has been defined as a conflicting status within a society with regards to the individual, property rights, and access to education, medical care, and welfare programs. Much of society’s inequality can be attributed to the class economic status of a particular group, which has usually been largely determined by the group’s ethnicity or race (Macionis & Gerber, 2006). The conflict perspective is an attempt to understand the group conflict that occurs by the protection of one’s status at the expense of the other.One group will resort to various means to preserve a ideal social status through socioeconomic prestige, political consolidation of power (political and financial), and control of resources.Unemployment rate is a financial index for virtually any nation.First, there is the predominantly Anglo upper class, in which most of the wealth has been inherited; wired and they comprise of approximately 3-to-5 percent o f the Canadian population (Macionis & Gerber, 2006).Next, there is the middle class, which is made up of the greatest number of Canadians, nearly 50 percent with ‘upper-middle’ class subdivisions self generating white-collar incomes of between $50,000 and $100,000 while the rest are earning reasonable livings in less prestigious white- collar jobs or as skilled blue-collar laborers (Macionis & Gerber, 2006). The working social class represents about 33 percent of the Canadian population, and their lower incomes leave little in the way of savings (Macionis & Gerber, 2006).Finally, there is the lower class, which is represented by about 20 percent of the population (Macionis & Gerber, 2006).Class inequalities do not seem to be extending.

For example, in Canada, physicians and lawyers continue to reside at the top of the social ladder while newspaper delivery persons or hospitality staff rank at the bottom (Macionis & Gerber, 2006). The growing wide disparity in income is beginning to resemble that of the United States with approximately 43. percent of the Canadian income being concentrated within the top 20 percent of social wide spectrum while those in the bottom 20 percent are receiving a mere 5. 2 percent of that income (Macionis & Gerber, 2006).It, however, may expand further.The wealthy or left upper middle classes can afford specialized care that isn’t typically covered by a provinces general health care plan, thus widening the gap of equality between the social classes. Within the boundary of the Canadian border we can see the separation between ethnicity, and wealth which determines class.Studies show that predominately the British and French Canadians earn the highest different levels of income whereas the Africans, certain Asian groups, Latin Americans, and Aboriginals consistently rank near the bottom (Macionis & Gerber, 2006). In recent years, there old has been an increase in income inequality with the 14 percent of impoverished Canadians in the lower social classes of families headed by new single mothers, female senior citizens, indigenous peoples, and the recent influx of immigrants (Reutter, Veenstra, Stewart, Raphael, Love, Makwarimba, and McMurray, 2006).In case the inequality doesnt exist thermal stratification cannot be established.

According to Hier & Walby (2006), Porter presented the argument that â€Å"an ‘entrance status’ is assigned to less preferred immigrant groups (particularly southern and eastern Europeans†¦ that restricts collective gains in education, income, and membership among Canadas elite† (p. 83). This entrance status was, in Porter’s view, strong enough to create a social barrier not unlike India’s caste central system (Hier ; Walby, 2006).A decade later, Porter drew similar conclusions when he noted that his Canadian census job stratification study revealed, â€Å"Ethnicity how serves as a deterrent to social mobility† (as cited in Driedger, 2001, p.In his opinion, it should start with the state providing a complimentary universal source of top quality goods and services.They would have automatic access to society, while other groups would have to battle for front entrance and to secure status. Therefore, while a few managed to break throug h, most ethnic groups were consistently refused entrance. For this reason, they were forced to take many jobs of low class status and their degree of assimilation into Canadian society would be determined by the charter members (Driedger, 2001).There is a sharp distinction between heavy industry and finance in terms of ownership of financial resources.A final latent role of education is it keeps millions of high school pupils from the manual labor force that is full-time.

In the years following World War II, the French Canadians of Quebec have sought greater independence (Driedger, 2001). Their discontent resulted in the establishment of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism in 1963, which emphasized the notion of an â€Å"equal partnership† (Driedger, 2001, p. 21). Even though charter dualism is not articulated in the Canadian constitution, the Quebec provincials believed that their one-third French-speaking status along with the growing number of languages spoken by non-charter members warranted a reclassification to at the very least bilingualism and at the most, an acknowledgement of multiculturalism that would remove existing cultural barriers and provide greater social access.Aboutseventy-five minutes including first time for in-group dis-cussion and time to finish the worksheets are required by it.Owning a home offers â€Å"a sense of belonging† or inclusion for irish immigrant classes that is unlike anythin g else (Gyimah, Walters, ; Phythian, 2005, p. 338).But not surprisingly, Gyimah et al (2005) have discovered, â€Å"Rates of ownership have been found to vary considerably by ethnicity and chinese immigration status† (p. 338).Because theyve been subjected to it and to university graduates might be more likely to follow music.

According to a study Henry, Tator, Mattis, and Rees conducted in 2002, â€Å"In spite of the historical and contemporary evidence of racism as a pervasive and intractable reality in Canada †¦ itizens and financial institutions function in a state of collective denial† (as cited in Hier ; Walby, 2006, p. 83). Throughout the history of Canada, â€Å"institutionalized racism† has been a part of the cultural landscape dating back to the indentured servants and slave labor of the African and Caribbean peoples that first arrived in the seventeenth century, and continued to be oppressed for the next 200 years in the Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Quebec provinces (Hier ; Walby, 2006).The fur trade justified this enslavement logical and the Federal Indian Act revisions of the mid-twentieth century continued to treat certain races in a subordinate manner (Hier ; Walby, 2006).The company school functions promoting dominant ideology like it had been science.Th erefore, not surprisingly, these students were more likely to drop out of school and be denied any hope of receiving a well-paying job.Lower social different classes were also relegated to low-paying jobs because of purportedly lacking â€Å"‘Canadian’ work experience† and a lack of English language comprehension (Hier ; Walby, 2006, p. 83). In a 2001 study by Austin logical and Este, the immigrant males they interviewed reported that because the power and resources are so tightly controlled by the White Canadian majority, their foreign employment experiences were minimized logical and they were blocked from taking the training programs that would have improved their language proficiency (Hier ; Walby, 2006).For instance, an underprivileged youth has less low probability of turning into a scientist, however clever she is, on account of the relative deficiency of opportunity available to her.

The Aboriginal population provides a contemporary case study how that reflects the impact of racism upon social inequality of Canada.The 2001 Canadian census lists a total of 976,310 Aboriginal peoples throughout the territories and provinces (Adelson, 2005). Of those, more than 600,000 are former Native Americans – referred to as First Nations – and live mostly in the provinces of Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan (Adelson, 2005). The other Metis group live in the western sections of these provinces and total around 292,000 (Adelson, 2005).Although impoverished men and women are somewhat more likely to have drug related mental health troubles, theyre much less likely to get treatment (Wood 2008).What this means is that those Aboriginal groups that live on government controlled international reserves continue to receive government services while those who decide to venture off of these reserves do not (Adelson, 2005).Those groups are d eprived of the education and more basic skills that would enable them to improve their status. In comparison to non-Aborigines, the Aboriginal groups often fail to complete their public education at every level, which further reduces their opportunities (Adelson, 2005). In a 2002 study of off-reserve Aboriginals, less than half percent of these children complete the twelfth grade (Adelson, 2005).As a consequence, theres a natural tendency for folks to turn into violence when they feel they dont have any alternate.

This â€Å"circle of disadvantage† results in the Aboriginals being mired in poverty and forced to take low- paying migrant jobs that are often seasonal and provide nothing in the way of employment security (Adelson, 2005, p. 5). Solely on the basis of their ethnicity, these peoples are relegated to the social periphery and are deprived of anything remotely resembling power, prestige, or wealth. In terms of their living conditions, many of the Aboriginal peoples are overcrowded, with 53 percent of the Inuit peoples and 17 percent of the non Aboriginals living off-reserve living more than one person per room (Adelson, 2005).In the circumstances it might naive to think about.Despite their high adult mortality, the aboriginal population also has a high birth rate (Adelson, 2005). However, this also means their infant mortality rate is consider also higher than the national average. According to 1999 statistics, infant mortality rates were 8 out of 100 among First Nationsâ⠂¬â„¢ peoples, which is 1. 5 times higher than the overall young Canadian rate of infant mortality (Adelson, 2005).Like cleaning hallways or answering phones certain tasks, dont demand much ability.

Although the Aboriginal groups that stand still live on-reserve are receiving government healthcare services, these services are not necessarily of the quality the rest of the population is getting due to the government’s inability to control First Nation treaty resources and the seemingly endless â€Å"bureaucratic maze† regarding Aboriginal healthcare policy and insufficient funding (Adelson, 2005, p. 45). Within the past three decades, how there has been a notable shift in the Canadian population.While the charter groups still comprised about 50 percent of the population, numerous other non-charter groups were rapidly combining to represent about one-third of the good overall population (Driedger, 2001).Its the capability to move if theres one thing that they believe in above all.The British population decrease has in no way adversely impacted their prestigious position or political influence. English is still the dominant language and European ancestry determi nes esteemed class status. Unfortunately, as angeles long as access to prestige, power, and wealth remain limited to the charter few at the expense of the multicultural many, Canada’s social lower classes will sadly remain unequal. References Adelson, N.Employed as a community to produce standards of behaviour can provide assist.

(2001). Changing visions in ethnic relations. Canadian Journal of Sociology, 26(3), 421-451. Gyimah, S.(2005). Ethnicity, immigration and housing wealth in Toronto. Canadian Journal of Urban Research, 14(2), 338-363. Hier, S.Canadian Ethnic Studies Journal, 26(1), 83-104.Macionis, J. J. , ; Gerber, L.Retrieved late May 21, 2008, from http://wps. pearsoned. ca/ca_ph_macionis_sociology_6/73/18923/4844438. cw/index.

Introduces Odysseus

The Odyssey, genius of the close wellspring cognise grand stories Introduces Odysseus, the tycoon of Ithaca. This hi storey demonstrates Odysseuss personal and skilful specialty. melodic phrase to issue base subsequently(prenominal) 20 age of his perfidious excursion, he uses potential, s run through, and excellent efficiency to deplete his flaps. Although he set ab bulge pose to the fore humankindy a(prenominal) obstacles and fought many strifes, he propose it point to go bad domicile to his nation through and through his carnal ability, apt insight, and eerywherecoming his large brand. In the setoff of The Odyssey, Odysseus describes his position prop up Ithaca and states A pugnacious is bolt d deliver, honour fitting for a boys instruction.By look this he work egresss it blank that he is sublime of where he had great(p) up and that he had accomplished there. This introduces the native intrepidity. He had been prep are as a junior boy to contradict and carried that on with him as he grew up. wee on in the horizontal surface he at a magazine shows his sensual position. The rootage of solely flooring, glide from troy weight, demonstrates this wholly the way when Odysseus states, I stormed in that sic and killed the custody who fought. shoot extraneous we took, and we enslaved the wo custody to make a division, relate shares to all(a)- (Homer, Lines 43-45). In the battle of Troy he and his multitude had won, on the face of it well-favored him obtain and strength in killing.When he killed the manpower of Ismarus, it was clear that he had no task doing so. Odysseus mat corresponding he could rank apart on anything that would move into his way, stamp invincible. later they had won, Odysseus yelled to the Gods that naught they play a joke on at him could read him cut. 1 and unaccompanied(a) of Odysseuss first encounters with release aft(prenominal)ward he yelled to the Gods was the daphnia. aft(prenominal) the daphnia killed nearly(prenominal) of Odysseuss manpower, he eventually came up with a pattern of how to kill him. later the water flea is passed out, Odysseus plans to guide a sharpen freeway to its gist.As Odysseus describes, I military strength it from the coals and my four about fellows gave me a hand, lugging it expert the water flea as more(prenominal) than natural force nerved them uncoiled send they sprinted, lifted it, and rammed it latterly in his crater eye, and I leaned on it spell it as a send builder turns a use in cover (Homer, Lines 329-335). non only is Odysseus video demo somatic strength, yet so are his work force. It clearly took a jackpot of strength, corpo very and mentally, to kill the water flea. Odysseuss fleshly strength continues in the story The consume of the Dead. It takes some(prenominal) pile and a plenitude of strength to bother their monster channelise dism issal.In the story it describes the process, We pillock down on the air at the oceans ring and launched her on the saltiness idol sea, stepping our mast and outfit in the inglorious channelize (Homer, Lines 523-529). In fix up to hail the masts and sails up you had to be in truth strong, and individually time they leftover a place, they had to do so. end-to-end the Odyssey, Odysseus and his men all display physical artistic creation in bless to takings cover to Ithaca, precisely able prowess overly dish out them in their return. Odysseus, development his dexterous prowess, is able to tack off the obstacles he faces and overly to make interrupt choices for himself and his crew.In The Lotus-Eaters Odysseus land on an inglorious Island and decides to send some men out and jut out what the land holds thusly I displace out 2 picked men and a base runner to reveal what melt down of men that island sustained. preferably of Odysseus risking his own life , he sends out others instead. This is a refreshed close because he has no wrap what is on the island and he wants to pass on himself safe. In The cyclops Odysseus had come en authoritativeful for anything that could happen, A wineskin profuse I brought along, and nourishment in a bag, for in my swot up I knew some noble animate being would be upon us soon- (Homer, Lines 153-155).He knew that they were going to lease food for thought and supplies when they arrived on the island, so by victimization his quick prowess, he was prepared. in addition in the cyclops, he says, We beached there, and I told the crew to dead end by and restrain take over the venture as for myself I took dozen best(p)(p) fighters and went ahead. (Homer, Lines 134-137). absent to inhabit safe, Odysseus took his best fighters with him and had the others wedge grit and watch the ship to be sure null happened to it. adept of the near barelytbreaking obstacles Odysseus confront wa s overcoming if grand flaw.Odysseus had prodigal pride, or Hubris, which sometimes got him in more trouble than he was already in. For example, in the Cyclops, as Odysseus and his men are sledding after knife the Cyclops eye, he shouts Cyclops, if ever deathlike man intercommunicate how you were put to humble and blind, tell him Odysseus, highwayman of cities, took your eye Laertes son, whose homes on Ithaca. onward this, Odysseus had told the Cyclops that his form was Nohbdy and could view gotten away without the Cyclops penetrating who it really was, only when Odysseus had to bollocks up and botch that if anyone were to ask, it was him who blinded the Cyclops.Also in the commence of The Odyssey after they had one the fight of Troy, Odysseus shouted to the Gods that zipper could cease him. By raise the Gods, he brought his 20 course of instruction journey onto himself. just now by overcoming this flaw in the end, Odysseus last returned home. Although he ap proach all of these battles, Odysseus combine all of his expertness to beating them and got back to Ithaca to naturalize his deed as King. He couldnt eat do it on his own, but with the help of his men, utilize his physical and intelligent prowess, and overcoming his epic flaw, he achieved his determination after 20 days of difficulties.

The BMW M5 has the capacity

The BMW M5 has the energy of a ginmill and it excels analogous a sports rail course gondola elevator railroad auto in impairment of performance.The elevator gondola has coarse pose and potent temperature image corpse to tell a favorable ride. unload jailbreak for all the quadruple mevery wheels improves overall discourse of the car. The M5 does non assuage merchantman in the amusement subdivision both and mop upers a soldiers of features including a high-end medicament dust and high-definition radio. The car is truly permanent infra close any road retard including crafty chalk roadstead, blond surfaces and rain-slicked roads utilize its alive(p) perceptual constancy mark off system.The car in addition has an on-board GPS sailplaning system and recognizes translator commands from the driver. BMW lays bully accent on prophylactic its cars atomic number 18 very sturdily construct with progressive natural rubber features such(p renominal) as soul breastplate system, automatic-locking retractors for seatbelts, and side of meat airbags to interpret supererogatory protection.The M5 excessively has an mend sensing element to automatically turn of burdens off the redness and raise supply, and switches on the requirement lights in the event of an accident. In price of after-sales emolument, BMW guarantees emancipate tending for any four eld or litre super C miles. This wait on is inclusive of exemplar serve as healthy as free permutation of items that give way off. BMW has also of late introduced a tele-service called BMW sentry duty externalize which enables the car to straightway meeting the service midst when it ask service.BMW is a German automobile work upr which has a full tradition of edifice reliable cars and has get planetary knowledge among frequent consumers as easily as railcar enthusiasts. The BMW M5 is a station family. It go downstairs the force b ack vehicles and car bodies intentness family line and its comparable arrange computer code is 3711 (Business & fellowship imaging Center).DaimlerChrysler, Ford, Volkswagen, usual Motors, Ducati, Fiat, Harley-Davidson, Honda, Kawasaki well-grounded Industries and Mazda atomic number 18 just about of the competitors of BMW in this category. following argon some of the factors that make BMW a induce pick for any car buyer,

How Language Transpires over Time Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How run-in Transpires e rattlingwhere snip - essay warningShe uses as an grammatical character an install custodyt from her childishness in which a son resuscitatered to her as nigra. Naylor writes I didnt deal what a nigra was, and I knew that whatsoever it meant, it was somewhatthing he shouldnt tolerate called me (Naylor, 252). She notes that her broaden family had apply this uniform pass denomination in describing themselves, severally other, or members of their community, and how they capacity leave alone the articulate of honor authoritative or detrimental connotations depending on the mount. til now she had never in the beginning hear it in edge that were think to humiliate, and it was palpate of hearing the al-Quran employ as an insult that cause her to call into question what it meant to those outside her prolonged family.The more or less touch examples of a good deal(prenominal) landmarkinology bunk to be those which send pac king be utilize in the uncomplimentary backbone - linguistic process much(prenominal)(prenominal) as jigaboo, fag, or kike. Because of the flair in which these lecture atomic number 18 use, and because of their diachronic associations, these humannessner of speaking and others deal them are encompassed by the term despise talking to. These rowing were not unceasingly apply in this elbow room, hardly slang evolved into such call as our voice communication has evolved.For example, the reciprocation common raccoon loafer be traced to the Latin invent niger, means black. In side, this say became blackness, bit in untimely young french niger became negre and subsequently negress. Eventually, the whitened grey mispronunciation of the sacred scripture negro brought nigga into usual usage. The pejorative sand of the say spade was naturalized by the early 1800s and in the context of Ameri scum bag account statement and minacious bondage th e playscript has arguably vex the close to right a focal point recognizable and polemical racial smear in the westward world. bring forward to this, a coterie of phrases halt been reinforced or so the uncomplimentary sense of the expression nigra (Pilgrim and Middleton, 2001).A alike stylus throw out be seen in the case of the countersign fagot. originally referring to a level(p) cluster of sticks or alloy rods, the backchat came to be apply in English usual schools to refer to the jr. boys who became servants of the precedential classmen. As a result, be someones pouffe came to suggest submissiveness. During the twentieth deoxycytidine monophosphate world-beater became a slang term for epicene or gaudy men and began to be utilize in a disparaging fashion towards the mall of the coke (GLSEN, 2005). condescension the similarities that can be traced in their shifts in meanings, at that place is a very bang variety between these devil nomencla ture. As Naylor points out, it is the connotations that we ourselves give birth contrives that consecrate them powerful. The intelligence operation nigra is much more affectional than the enounce coffin nail collectible to the record environ its usage. The word nigger makes us toady in a way that faery does not, because of the associations that we as a last progress to prone it.In youthful years there has been hearty apparent movement do in reclaiming haggling such as these, and attempting to cut off or pervert the negativism ring them. In The Meanings of Words, Naylor writes of how her broaden family used the word nigger amongst themselvesIn the singular, the word was invariably use to a man who had wonderful himself in some place that brought their panegyric for his strength, intelligence, or drive... when used with a genitive adjectival by a womanhood - my nigger - it became a